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NDC Quantification
Pledges to pathways
Loading factsheet
NDC Quantification
Pledges to pathways
Loading Eswatini’s factsheet
NDC Quantification
Eswatini’s latest quantified pledge puts emissions around 2019 levels by 2035.
Pledges to pathways
NDC Quantification
Eswatini’s 2035 pledge: A 424.0% reduction of emissions compared to business-as-usual emissions.
For total GHG emissions excluding LULUCF, that is around 2019 levels by 2035.
Data release 21 October 2026, reflecting the latest submissions
2030 target
7.1Mt CO₂-eq
From the NDC submitted in Oct 20212006 IPCC Guidelines, incl. LULUCF
2035 target
−1.2Mt CO₂-eq
From the NDC submitted in Sep 20252006 IPCC Guidelines, incl. LULUCF
2050 target
Net zero
From the NDC submitted in Oct 20212006 IPCC Guidelines
These figures use each pledge’s own scope. The chart below measures every pledge the same way, so its numbers can differ.
Pledges to pathways
The 2035 pledge: A 424.0% reduction of emissions compared to business-as-usual emissions.
Total greenhouse-gas emissions excl. LULUCF for Eswatini, AR6 GWP-100. Shaded bands show the range of published interpretations of each pledge.
Notes: Licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.
Data as of the 21 October 2026 data release
Indicators
Observed values up to 2024. Later years follow the quantified pledge pathway.
2019
2.3
Mt CO₂-eq
2024
2.5
Mt CO₂-eq
+8% vs 2019
2030 · projected
11
Mt CO₂-eq
+399% vs 2019
2035 · projected
2.3
Mt CO₂-eq
0% vs 2019
2050 · projected
6
Mt CO₂-eq
+163% vs 2019
Scope & conditionality
Coverage and conditionality are derived from our structured assessment of each submission. Each target is shown as submitted, in its own scope. The chart above measures every pledge the same way (AR6, excl. LULUCF), so its numbers can differ.
A 5.0% (unconditional) to 14.0% (conditional) reduction of emissions compared to business-as-usual emissions.
Unconditional
7.1 Mt CO₂-eq
With support
6.4 Mt CO₂-eq
From the NDC submitted in Oct 2021
A -132.0% (unconditional) to -424.0% (conditional) reduction of emissions compared to business-as-usual emissions.
Unconditional
−1.2 Mt CO₂-eq
With support
−2.8 Mt CO₂-eq
From the NDC submitted in Sep 2025
Unconditionally: Net zero emissions.
Unconditional
0 Mt CO₂-eq
From the NDC submitted in Oct 2021
“Economy-wide”: the target covers all major sectors. “incl. LULUCF”: includes land use, land-use change and forestry. “2006 IPCC Guidelines”: the submission does not say which global warming potentials it uses.
Submission history
We have quantified every NDC and long-term strategy Eswatini has submitted since 2015, including the pledges it has since superseded, so the evolution of ambition reads oldest to newest.
NDCs and INDCs
INDC · Sep 2015
NDC · Sep 2016
NDC · Oct 2021
Active
20302050
A 5.0% (unconditional) to 14.0% (conditional) reduction of emissions compared to business-as-usual emissions. Unconditionally: Net zero emissions.
NDC · Sep 2025
Active
2035
A -132.0% (unconditional) to -424.0% (conditional) reduction of emissions compared to business-as-usual emissions.
We publish our quantification of each new submission within days of it reaching the UNFCCC registry.
Using the data
Climate Resource makes this data available under the CC BY-NC 4.0 licence. We also provide data and support for commercial use, more frequent updates, metadata, analysis of changes over time and integration into your workflows. Get in touch at contact@climate-resource.com.